• Introduction • 免責聲明 • Procedure • Yamaha的國產型號年表PDF • Serial-Year Reference •
• Serial Number • Model Name • Plate Screws • Tuning Pins • 鋼鈑右上角特徵 • 「NIPPON GAKKI S.K.K」 • "MADE IN JAPAN" • Plate Logo • Plate Color • 琴身線條/琴蓋油壓機械 • 腳踏數量/形狀 • 琴身的「YAMAHA」 •
新舊Yamaha直身琴真假鑑定攻略
Last Update:24/3/2022
背景
Yamaha是十分流行的鋼琴品牌。就算是有點舊,經典型號如U1和U3的Yamaha二手琴價錢仍可過萬,十分可觀。隨便搜搜,就見到一堆二手U1鋼琴的post,價錢從$15,000至$41,800,相差兩萬幾。
以常理來說。愈新的琴賣得就愈貴。因序號反映生產年份,市面上會出現序號被改過的Yamaha鋼琴。我們這些修理鋼琴的技師就算沒有從事這種改裝,看得多也會察覺異樣。可是,這類辨別的資訊其實十分有限,就算大眾明白琴齡愈小愈好,也好像只能盲目相信琴身上的序號是真的。
這篇攻略主要用途
(1) 從Yamaha鋼琴內外的特徵去辨別鋼琴的大約出廠年份;(2) 舉例說明一些常見的改裝例子;(3) 以具代表性的圖片實證不同年份的鋼琴特徵;(4) 讓讀者可以單從網上的二手琴照片進行初步評估。
此攻略為Blog的「詳細版」的精華版。為了以實例(圖片)來證明論點,我包括了很多很多世界各地的二手琴網的圖片。雖然我覺得我用的照片都是「真」的,但國外的二手琴也會被改(其實可能就是經過亞洲地區再時改造的)。如有錯漏,請舉證。因為圖片量太多了,我就不一一都link了,不好意思。
本文主要針對最流行的U系列,不過大部分特徵都能套用在別的日本製Yamaha直身琴。一如以往,有問題可聯繫蔡師傅.
免責聲明
This is not an definitive guide.
就算是有經驗的鋼琴技師,要準確分辨還是得親身檢查.
讀者可以此為參考,但是自己做出的決定,自己必須負責啊。
要不然,可考慮聘用我們的「鋼琴評估」服務。

Procedure
1. 從鋼鈑上的找出序號,利用「Serial-Year Reference」一欄找出相應生產年份,再推算這部鋼琴的各種特徵是否與該年份的特徵相乎。
2. 利用Yamaha的國產型號年表(直身琴)(pdf檔) " to check if the production year matches a particular model's production period.
It is dishonest to alter any details of a piano. If you can find one unmatched feature, there might be more.

Disclaimers
Yamaha's Domestic Model Chronology沒包括出口的型號。儘管80年代末在日本已沒再推出U1、U3、U5為名的新琴,但在香港還是可以見到以這些型號為名的鋼琴。可能是因為這些型號很流行,所以仍然會以這方式出口鋼琴。無論如何,這表用於80年代或之前的琴還是可以的。
Yamaha's Serial Year Reference
This was copied out of the "JAPAN PIANO ATLAS 2017". I have skipped the earliest numbers because you likely won't encounter them. Or you do, please contact me.
Serial Number
如發現有印錯位置、歪了或者是割字脫落的話,可能是做假。
序號左方的英文字母
在U系列鋼琴中,若序號旁邊有一個英文字母並與序號有一格空間(例如上圖的「A」字),這個字母應該就是型號的一部份。
內側的序號
Signs of Modification
Model Name
The "U" Series
型號/序號旁的字母
某些有特點的鋼琴會以別的字母去記認,例如有靜音系統的型號名稱後面會加上「-Silent」、有Sostenuto功能的型號名稱後面加上「-S」。
Series other than the "U" series
Plate Screws
The "U" Series
1997至1998年的U1仍然在用塗金了的「十字」螺絲,不過位置有所改變,與同款YU1一樣。
Series other than the "U" series
Tuning Pins
The Layout of Bass Tuning Pins
Colors of Tuning Pins
Signs of Modification
This serial number (#5501902) represent production year of 1996. Its plate design matches the 60's "U1" model, however the tuning pin is not black. My guess is that the piano was restringed with chrome-plated tuning pins, but whoever did this did not use bigger pins. Now the torque is very low and will go out of tune very soon.
Special Corner of the "U" Series
1972年或之前(序號#1540000之前)的U系列鋼鈑右上角沒有什麼特別。
"NIPPON GAKKI S.K.K."
"MADE IN JAPAN"
Faking a "MADE IN JAPAN" label is the easiest way to raise value of an old piano. This label can unconsciously gain customers' trust and willingness to spend extra money. Early Yamaha pianos did not have this label, perhaps because the pianos were intended for domestic market, and they were not making pianos elsewhere yet.
The label is very simple, and some "modified" pianos only had this extra label, which seems harmless. Even so, this is dishonest act, and there might be more trouble hidden from our eyes.
From my observation, the "MADE IN JAPAN" label was first used in the 1987's U1A model (#445XXXX). The U1E, believed to be the exported model of U1, also had this label. It seems only exported pianos have the "MADE IN JAPAN" label, as I could even see domestic model in 1997 without it.
The "MADE IN JAPAN" label is only stamped right below the plate logo. If you see them elsewhere, they are likely not authentic.
Plate Color
Caution: Colors through your screens might look different, hence this section is really just FYI.
琴蓋油壓機械/琴身左右線條
1997年8月:琴蓋新增緩降功能
1997年8月:油壓機械的顏色
日本內銷的YU系列的油壓機械顏色是黑色,外銷版則是金色的。即是說,行貨的琴蓋是會有金色零件在琴蓋兩則,很好認。
琴鍵左右方邊框形狀轉變
U系列的腳踏數量/形狀
腳踏數量
1963年或之前,U系列鋼琴腳踏只有兩個。
U系列的腳踏形狀
這欄只能作粗略參考,因為歷年的腳踏形狀看來沒有很統一。
腳踏是可以更換的零件,所以不能百份百盡信。